Wuthering Heights Essays (1145 words) - British Films,

Wuthering Heights In the novel, Whuthering Heights, Emily Bronte has made one of the most questionable novel in the nineteenth century. Bronte has composed a novel that contains numerous perspectives on complex thoughts. Retribution and love vengeance are instances of such. The principle topic of vengeance is protared through the character of Heathcliff. Heathcliff is likewise part of the subject of affection joined by that of Cathy. The other portion of the affection subject is indicated throught the activities of Hearton and Catherine. The intertwineing of the thoughts of vengeance and love demonstrate to give Heathcliff a distored vision of adoration and Cathy a requirement for such an affection, that as it were Heathcliff can provide for her. Where as Catherine and Hearton, the second age, gain from the encounters of the previous age that inhabited Wuthering Heights. The primary recollections Heathcliff has of life at Wuthering Statures is that of being inconsistent. Hindley demonstrated no other demonstration to him yet savagery. Hindley's fierceness, oppression, and dangerous viciousness far exceed anything of which Heathcliff can be cused on the proof (Langman 143). The subject of retribution develops from the treatment Heathcliff recieves from is Hindley. His prime inspiration is love , or to be increasingly exact the absence of affection. He chooses to oppress Heathcliff , on the grounds that he feels this later has usurped his position in his dad ?s love. He will not permit the minister to proceed Heathcliff's instruction and powers the still extremely little youngster to fill in as a ranch hand. Here is one of the first exaples of thought of retribution when Heathcliff says: I couldn't care less to what extent I hold up , in the event that I can just doe it , finally (Bronte 47). Heathcliff's brutality and savagery are by differentiate are most certainly not arbitrary and flippant, they are a willed. He has certain objectives influence, cash, a triumph over the conditions and specialists of his previous mortification and he utilizes power and double dealing to contact them (Langman 143). The occasion that was pivotal in heading out Heatchcliff was Cathy's choice to wed Linton, in which she says: I've no more business to wed Edgar Linton than I must be in Paradise; and if the underhanded man in there had not brought Heathcliff so low, I shouldn't have thought of it. It would debase me to wed Heatchcliff now (Bronte 63); While seeing this discourse he become shocked and flees from Wuthering Heights. While away, Heathcliff changes himself into a man of honor, in order to get back Catherine. After coming back to Wuthering statures, he finds that Catherine has hitched Edgar, the arrangement of vengeance develops from that thought of the loss of Cathy. The initial segment of the arrangement includes giving just desserts to Edgar, the man who uniquely removed his satisfaction, and afterward to end it all. The second Cathernine's fervent greeting demonstrates she still adores him, in any case, he deserts this arrangement and embraces another - that of taking up habitation again at Wuthering Heights so as to be again in her region (Hagan 146). The thinking behind this is to attempt again to recover the affection of Catherine. The third piece of the arrangement manage the expectations of turning out to be ace of the Heights and the Grange. This is never really retribution against all of the Earnshaws and the Lintons all things considered. This last demonstration of retribution is the marriage of Cathy and his child Linton: Mr. Heathcliff, you have no one to cherish you: and, anyway hopeless you make us, we despite everything have the retribution of reasoning that your mercilessness emerges from your more noteworthy misery!(Bronte 218) This association finished the excursion of vengeance for Heathcliff. With that association Heathcliff deals with Thrushcroft Grange. This extraordinary energy in the requirement for retribution a regulating demonstrations of mercilessness help the peruser to in understanding his premise of feelings. This clarifies the misconstrued meaning of affection he gets it. Which I will currently talk about is love among Heathcliff and Cathy. Love is communicated in two entiresly various thoughts. The primary sort of affection is that thoughtful that occures among Heathcliff and Cathy, which a sort of affection definded by that of need. The furthermore type is that of Hareton and Catherine, this kind of affection is all the more a genuine sort of affection. Barbara Prentis, creator of The Brote Sister and George Eliot, imagines that the thoughts of affection communicated by the characters are in certainty, reflected not by Brontes own life since this young lady seeked no solace in earth, no spouse, no darling, no nearby

Saudi Arabia and Iran Relationship

Saudi Arabia and Iran Relationship Syria and Lebanon: the fundamental scene for Saudi-Iranian contention Relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran are described by strict ideological opposition and rivalry for local impact. The present strife in the Middle East is regularly reflected in the threatening vibe between the two states as their battle over the character of the locale has heightened and intensified.[1] The potential negative ramifications of the Arab spring, alongside the underlying Iranian endeavor to merge territorial accomplishments, have to a great extent awakened Saudi Arabia out of its relative inactivity in international strategy and drove it to endeavor to advance another between Arab arrangement as a potential stabilizer to Iran. Saudi Arabia sees Iran as a principle danger for a few reasons. The first identifies with Iran’s want to advance a security framework in the Gulf liberated from outside involvementâ€particularly that of Americaâ€in which Iran will expect a more noteworthy position of authority. The second alludes to Iran’s perspective on itself as the more veritable delegate of the Muslim world and as the express that is testing Saudi Arabia’s job of strength (nearby its Wahabi strict foundation) inside the Muslim world, as a portrayal of the Sunniâ€Shia fracture. Iran’s quest for military atomic ability and the potential effect this capacity would have on molding the local motivation likewise undermines Saudi Arabia. Iran’s aspiration and its military capacities may be utilized, in a Saudi viewpoint, to advance Iranian impact over OPEC and over the Shiites minority populace in the Saudi kingdom.[2] The Sunni-Shiite struggle assumes a basic job in relations between the two rival sides of the Gulf by and large and between Saudi Arabia and Iran specifically. Saudi Arabia has submitted extraordinary endeavors to draw genius Iranian Middle East players into the Saudi-Sunni camp and to set up a global front, in view of partisan divisions, against Iran’s local desire. Saudi Arabia’s relations with Syria, Iran’s fundamental partner have decayed because of the fierce concealment of the fights in Syria, which started in March 2011. Indeed, even preceding this, Saudi Arabia flopped in its endeavor to safeguard Syria from the grip of Iranian impact and make a unified enemy of Iranian alliance made out of Sunni states. The fights in Syria gave the realm another chance to advance its motivation. By debilitating the Assad system, the Saudis trust they will help lessen the intensity of the â€Å"Shiite axis†.[3] In this vein, the Saudi media has routinely scrutinized Iran’s not exactly incognito endeavors at supporting the Syrian system. Saudi Arabia’s current strategy establishes an adjustment in its mentality toward the Assad system. After the crack between the two states in the wake of the death of Lebanese Prime Minister, Rafik Al-Hariri in 2005, King Abdullah drove an arrangement of relative transparency toward Syria trying to drive a wedge among it and Iran. As turmoil in Syria developed, be that as it may, he reviewed his represetative back to Riyadh in August 2011. This, alongside its help to suppress Shiite insurrection in Bahrain, is proof that Saudi Arabia means to confront the extreme front headed by Iran.[4] Saudi Arabia, along with Qatar, has likewise made a move so as to additionally debilitate the Iranian-Syrian hub. The two countries, for instance, cooperated to suspend Syria’s enrollment in the Arab League and keep on offering monetary and military help to various components inside the Syrian opposition.[5] These measures fit with the methodology Saudi Arabia has received since the sta rt of the Arab spring, which is both more emphatic than before, and communicates its endeavor to reshape the guide of partnerships in the district as per its inclinations. Throughout the years, Saudi Arabia have liked to stay away from showdown, concentrating on endeavors at intercession in the Arab world to wipe out threats while endeavoring to abstain from being lined up with any side.[6] For the situation of Syria, the realm has favored American administration. At the point when this didn't appear, be that as it may, Saudi Arabia, with its huge coffers and princely Sunni Islamic impact, entered the subsequent vacuum. As noticed its past endeavors at removing Assad from the Iranian hub were ineffective, however the resistance to Assad gave the Saudis an irregular chance to debilitate Iranian impact in the region. The Arab world started to embrace a harder position vis-à -vis Assad in the mid year of 2011, when the Gulf Cooperation Council approached Syria to stop its â€Å"deadly concealment of residents, trailed by an uncommonly sharp explanation by Saudi King Abdullah, who requested that Syria â€Å"stop the slaughtering machine†.[7] This new tone came about because of the King’s dissatisfaction with the Alawite minority system (which he thinks about blasphemous) in regards to Saudi endeavors at intercession, joined with the acknowledgment that Syrian resistance accomplishments are probably going to influence the parity against Iran. The King’s outrage expanded after the killing of individuals from cross-outskirt clans that were the inborn heredity of his mom and two of his sisters, and the boundless killing of Sunnis during the blessed month of Ramadan. From that point forward, Saudi Arabia, with some coordination with Qatar (which has since reduced its inclusion) and the United Arab Emirates, has been supporting dissident powers that it sees as reasonable for the Anti-Iranian reason in Lebanon and the Syrian resistance some of the time without considering American limitations on armaments.[8] The vital objective of toppling Assad (and debilitating Iran and Hizbollah) right now leads Saudi Arabias international strategy. Its point is to fortify components among the radicals, so that if and when Assad falls, those components will deal with what survives from the Syrian state. The Arab Gulf nations attempted to convince the United States that the Assad system had crossed the red line reported by President Obama in August 2012 and again in March 2013 concerning the utilization of compound weapons. As per the Wall Street Journal, Saudi Arabian knowledge discovered confirmation that this weapon was utilized as of now in February 2013, and introduced this proof to the United States.[9] However, American unwillingness to engage in Syria has caused the Gulf States to question the validity of the US, their fundamental â€Å"defense supplier, to convey. An indication, in their eyes, of Americas reducing provincial impact. It was accounted for that the Saudi ruler, baffled with American arrangement in the locale, sent Obama a message saying â€Å"Americas believability was on the line on the off chance that it let Assad prevail†.[10] Elements inside the Gulf States, strikingly in Kuwait and the UAE, began secretly financing various Sunni rebel bunches †bringing on additional radicalization and fracture inside the dissident positions in a wild rivalry for assets and impact. The Saudis are apparently giving 3 billion dollars as a guide bundle to the Lebanese military, as a piece of their push to help Proâ€Sunni groups in Lebanon.[11] These endeavors are sponsored, as indicated by Hizbollah individuals, by a phenomenal insight crusade, drove by the Saudi sovereign Bandar receptacle Sultan to injure the Shia organization’s foundation, focus on its advantages and debilitate Hizbollah’s political situation inside the Lebanese political arena.[12] This might just be a Saudi endeavor to compel Hizbollah to dispense more powers back to Lebanon and away from Syria, while delegitimizing it on the home front as a destabilizing and a partisan power. There are no Saudi fantasies about a general triumph in Syria and Lebanon. They also know about favorable position in weaponry, association, and outside help appreciated by Assad and his partners. They trust, notwithstanding, that the help they give will tip the scales in support of them, draining their enemies monetarily and militarily,[13] as a recorded recompense for supporting Shiite disruption throughout the years in Iraq, the inlet and in the Saudi realm. Their foes †the Assad system, Iran, and Hizbollah †have been debilitated every day, and are enduring monetarily, with so far at practically zero critical expense to the realm. Concern dependent on past experience, in any case, demonstrates that consequences of radical components working in Syria and Lebanon are at risk to boomerang back to the Gulf and upset strength among Shia and Sunni people group in Iraq, Kuwait and the Saudi Kingdom itself.[14]Tensions among Shiites and Sunnis are joined by pressures between parties preferring steadiness and antiâ€Iranian hardliners inside various systems in the bay. Along, with numerous in the Arab nations, the hardliners accept that the topple of the Assad system could control Iran and reestablish Iran to its characteristic size, ideally without prompting a frontal showdown among Iran and the Saudis. This encounter has been kept away from up to this point. Those in the Sunni side competing for steadiness conversely are frightened at the likelihood that by financing contenders abroad, they may be energizing fanatics and Sunni radicals, for example, Al Qaeda.[15] With these prepared veterans bound to come back to their Sunni countries in the long run, those worries may be acknowledged as ensuing radicalization and usage of psychological militant strategies from abroad in the Saudi realm and over the inlet. The Saudis have now and again went about as a progressive power and now and again as a counter-progressive power, contingent upon their inclinations. They built the arrangement on the expulsion of Yemens President Saleh from office, were engaged with uniting the new system in Tunisia, and assisted with ousting the Qaddafi system. Then again, they utilized power to keep up the al-Khalifa system in Bahrain and tried to keep Mubarak’s r

Cool Essay Topics to Write About

Cool Essay Topics to Write AboutLooking for cool essay topics to write about? If you've ever struggled with writing your own essay, then you know that it can be hard work. Many students find it easier to find essay topics through a good book, rather than trying to do it themselves. Fortunately, there are a number of great books out there that will help you write any kind of essay.The reason why some people prefer using these guides is because they don't feel intimidated by writing a paper, and instead are more than happy to find topics and write about them. The best part about reading these guides is that you don't have to worry about struggling to write a paper because the writers are very experienced and understand what needs to be done. In addition, they have the same ideas as you do when it comes to selecting cool essay topics to write about.One of the best and most great places to look for guides is the library. You might think that you're the only one in the library looking for these books, but if you find that you're not the only one, then you have to go check them out. This is where you will be able to find great books that can help you write an impressive paper. These guides will not only teach you to write a powerful paper, but will also show you how to spice up your paper to make it more interesting.If you want to find great books on cool essay topics to write about, the first place to look is online. There are many websites online that focus on providing guides for students. They will help you with tips and hints on what to include in your paper, what to avoid, and even what to use for research.Many students are often too scared to take the time to write a paper because they have too many other things to worry about; especially one very interesting topic. The best thing to do is to go online and find sites that specialize in this type of material. While they might seem like they're just selling products or advertising, they are actually there to pro vide information and to help students.You can also find many guides on cool essay topics to write about on Facebook. While many people like to log onto the social networking site to go through their 'likes,' they often spend their time on this site doing searches. Although most people might think that Facebook is just for people to talk about the latest happenings, there are many students who find it useful in finding topics to write about.If you're in school, chances are that your student's professor will have an interest in having his or her essay written. These professors will be the perfect person to ask for help. With this added benefit, he or she will give you tips on how to write your essay and then also provide a unique guide to help you write the best paper possible.If you're looking for cool essay topics to write about, the easiest way to do it is to go online. Since so many people use the internet to find resources, they usually have a list of sites that they recommend. F ind out which sites they like and then try to find one that you enjoy.

Books versus the Internet - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 530 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? There are a lot of changes that are occurring in the world in all aspects. This changes have been greatly influenced by the advancements that take place in the technology sector in every day to day circumstances. The education sector is not left behind as it has also undergone a lot of changes or evolution in the ways that learners carry out their reading activities. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Books versus the Internet" essay for you Create order A lot of reading materials are nowadays available in the internet thus giving the learners options on whether to access their reading materials from the available books in hard copy or access them from the internet.   The internet provides a new reading experience that was not available before (Crossland et al, 2014). It might be better as compared to using the hard copy books but it also has several setbacks and limitations that accompany its use. There are a lot of benefits that come with using books over browsing the internet. One of them is that provided the reading environment is serene, the concentration is enhanced during reading books than when browsing the internet (Crossland et al, 2014). This is mainly because the internet has more captivating contents such as entertainment sites and this may make the main attention to deviate to other unnecessary information. Secondly, the books are accessible at any time and can be used in any place as opposed to the internet. For one to access the internet, a computer or other electronic devices such as mobile phones must be available. Their functioning is limited to presence of power and internet connections which might force the individual to incur extra costs. Distortion of information printed on a book is almost impossible and so no matter how old a book stays information cannot be altered. However, information on an internet website can mislead if a hacker accesses the inform ation and alters it. Comparing the cost of reading books and that of browsing in the internet, reading book is relatively cheap (Crossland et al, 2014). To begin with, internet browsing requires a lot of accessories which makes them costly. In order to browse the internet, one should has either a smartphone, e-reader, tablet, or even a laptop. In addition, one is also expected to pay for internet subscription to have him or her access the internet content from the service providers. On top of internet subscription and buying device for accessing internet, electricity bill are also incurred hence making it costly. On the contrary, reading of book the only incurred cost is while purchasing and it does not require maintenance cost like e-readers (Crossland et al, 2014). Comparing the cost of producing a book with that of producing an e-reader, that of e-reader is higher in terms of energy consumption. This is because a hundred kilowatt is consumed to produce an e-reader unlike in book production which consu mes two kilowatts (Crossland et al, 2014). Moreover, the combination of the entire cost incurred to access internet can buy several books hence this makes internet browsing too costly. Although, powering light bulb to read at night consumes a lot of energy than charging an e-reader, it does not make reading books expense as at the same time money is being charged.

Gender in Shakespeares Othello, Romeo and Juliet, and...

Becca Griffing 02/08/2012 Shakespeare in Love Analyze the representation of gender in two or more plays and/or films When reading literature from the Renaissance period, it is clear to see male and female characters were thought upon as two completely different types of people. By following what the bible told them about the opposite sexes, writers in this time were able to set specific gender norms for both men and women. However, when reading the works of William Shakespeare, one can sense a riff in the norms of either sex. With characters such as Romeo in Romeo and Juliet, we can see a character that possess qualities that do not necessarily belong to their gender. However, with a character like Desdemona in Othello, we can see†¦show more content†¦Nobody--I myself. Farewell-- Commend me to my kind lord--O’ farewell! (V,ii, 122-125) Even though it is obvious that Othello was her true killer, Desdemona blames her death only on herself. Being the obedient wife that she was, Desdemona would never dare pin her death onto her husband. However, to have her die by her husbands’ hand was Shakespeares way of solidifying her dedication to him. Like any good woman in Renaissance literature, Desdemona was loyal to her husband in life, and with death, still remains loyal to his will. It is unfortunate to see a character who is as bright as Desdemona fall a victim to the classic standard of woman during this period of literature. However, not all of Shakespeare’s women give into the standards that society has laid out for them; at least not without a fight. In Twelfth Night, we see a woman who is pretending to be a man. The concept of dressing in drag is not unusual in Shakespearian comedies. By doing so, the main female character is allowed to perform heroic acts that were usually reserved for men. While she d oes eventually switch back into women’s wear and becomes a loyal wife, she is first allowed to prove herself to be brave and cunning, and is able to do so without having to face the stereotypical consequences. In this play, Viola’s cross dressing experience is important to both the central complication and resolution to the plot. In Act 1, scene 5, Viola, who isShow MoreRelatedThe Elizabethan Er A Standard Of Power, Authority, And Head Of The Family Essay2018 Words   |  9 Pagesbe her husband but if she was single then her father or brother. Gender conventions in Elizabethan Era is key to understand my argument about how women in Shakespeare’s plays break their gender conventions. I will be using parts from Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Twelfth Night, to show how women in this time period broke gender conventions. In Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, we see that it defies most traditional gender roles in the play by allowing his characters to surpass the stereotypicalRead MoreShakespeare s Twelfth Night ( C. 1600-01 )2907 Words   |  12 PagesINTRODUCTION Twelfth Night (c. 1600-01) is a complicated play which deals with the nature of love, gender role and the intricate comic and tragic experiences of love. The characters have multiple layers of gender roles and sexual attractions which makes the issue of gender identity more complex. For example, Viola, the heroine of the play is dressed as a male, Cesario, throughout most of the play. As a male, Viola woos Olivia for Orsino, resulting in Olivia falling in love with Viola-as-Cesario.Read MoreThe Elizabethan Er An Important Form Of Entertainment And Occupation For The Elizabethans2132 Words   |  9 Pagesplays are rich and are suggested works for pursuing women’s studies and gender ideologies. His plays depicted the social status and responsibilities of women in the society. He seemed to support the English renaissance stereotypes of men and women .He also raised questions about the conventional image of men and women, the characteristics that their gender demands, the definit ion of feminine and masculine, about how both the gender possess both masculine and feminine behaviour, the patriarchy and the

College Athletes Receive Scholarships College Athlete

Imagine you are a college athlete. You have worked hard throughout your life to get to where you are today, a Division I college athlete. However, the grind doesn’t stop there. You still have to put in about 40 hours each week on your sport, attend mandatory team workouts and meetings, and travel and compete for your school. Not to mention you still have difficult college classes, sleep, and your social life to worry about. You are well aware of the sacrifices you have to make, but your school? Now that’s another story. They require you to hold a certain GPA and play well enough to keep your hard-earned scholarship, and when you do well on the field, no matter how many awards you win, the school gets the ultimate prize: Money. Yes, college athletes receive scholarships, which do cover a good amount of the cost of college. However, do they cover textbooks and meal plans and other numerous expenses? Former NCAA basketball Final Four MVP Shabazz Napier said â€Å" there a re hungry nights that I go to bed and I’m starving†. If this doesn’t tell the NCAA that something is wrong, what will? I strongly believe that NCAA Division I athletes should be paid a certain amount of money because they make money for the NCAA. Therefore, they should be treated like any other paid employee and receive fair compensation. Not paying the athletes is likely an antitrust violation and also morally wrong. Before I explain why athletes should be paid, I want to clarify why athletes are truly unpaid inShow MoreRelatedShould College Athletes Be Paid?1644 Words   |  7 PagesShould College Athletes Be Paid? Over the past few decades college sports has grown in popularity across the United States. But it hasn’t been until recent years that many Americans have started to argue about the big revenues generated by many of the elite sports programs. However the big question that stands out is: should the athletes generating millions of dollars worth of profit a year for their University receive any of the money for their performance? Even though student athletes don’t receiveRead MoreCollege Athletes Deserve to Be Paid Essay1002 Words   |  5 Pagesand games. The typical athletes’ road to success is starting from a young age, playing in high school, and then receiving a scholarship for College and all athletes overall objective is to constantly get better and play professionally. Universities have really manipulated athletes in the world today giving them â€Å"free education† for the exchange of their blood, sweet, and tears, while they receive revenue that ath letes bring in yearly. It is very evident that College athletes deserve to be paid, andRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Not Be Paid1425 Words   |  6 Pagesbefore in the history of college sports. Several scholarship players voted on whether the team should unionize. These same players believe that they should be compensated for their play on the athletic field. Countless collegiate sports fans also believe that college athletes from around the country should be compensated for playing sports; however, paying college athletes would cause multiple problems in college athletics. Most people do not understand how much student athletes are given to them freeRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1713 Words   |  7 PagesCollege sports are one of the largest and fastest growing markets in today’s culture. With some college sports games attracting more viewers than their professional counterparts, the NCAA is one of the most profiting organizations in America. Recently there has been controversy in the world of college sports as to whether the college athletes that are making their universities and the NCAA money should receive payment while they are playing their respective sport. Many believe that these athletesRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Not Be Paid1321 Words   |  6 Pageshas never been done before in the history of college sports. Many scholarship players voted on whether the team should unionize. These same players believe that they should be compensated for their play on the athletic field. Many collegiate sports fans also believe that collegiate athletes from around the country should be compensated for playing sports; however, paying college athletes would cause multiple problems in college athletics. College athletes should not be paid because schools do not haveRead MoreStudent Athletes Should Not Be Paid927 Words   |  4 Pagesaverage cost of college for a student to go attend an in-state four year public university (â€Å"College Costs†). This amount does not include housing, food, books, or supplies; this can end up totaling near $10,000, but imagine if both of these figures were paid for you. This would mean you would pay nothing to attend a four year college, and this is the reality for many individuals today; these people are commonly known as student-athletes. Many student-athletes receive full scholarships to schools coveringRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1358 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years college sports have been about the love of the game, filled with adrenaline moments. However, the following question still remains: Should college athletes get paid to play sports in college? Seemingly, this debate has been endless, yet the questions have gone unanswered. The National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) plays a vital role in this debate. The NCAA is a billion dollar industry, but yet sees that the athlete should get paid for their hard work and dedicationRead MoreIn Recent Years, There Has Been Increased Dialogue Concerning1275 Words   |  6 PagesIn recent years, there has been increased dialogue concerning the topic of compensating college athletes above athletic scholarships. Scholars, the media, and fans have debated this issues of whether intercollegiate athletes should receive remuneration for participation in sports beyond their education-related compensation of tuition, room, and board. Compensation for student athletes, particularly Division I football and basketball poses a greater concern about the moral and ethical conduct of thoseRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1079 Words   |  5 PagesCollege sports has become extremely popular over the past few years. With the March Madness tournament held in March and the new College Football Playoff held in January, the NCAA has achieved a great deal of attention and high television ratings. Although colleges make tons of money off of their athletes, college athletes receive plenty of compensation. Paying student athletes would cross the line between professionalism and amateurism and would violate the essence of being a student athlete. StudentRead MoreAthletes Should Not Be Paid1494 Words   |  6 PagesAthletes suit up and perform on a daily and weekly basis. Week in and week out, athletes draw in thousands and thousands of fans to speculate the flashy performance. They give the best effort, putting themselves at risk, doing anything possible to insure a victory. Players spend hours of hard work and dedication to perform the best they can. Through the dedication and performance of these athletes, speculations have aroused that athletes should begin to receive pay. Some people believe that collegiate

Workplace Bullying in the OR-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine the Repetitive Psychological Oppression Which Occurs Due to the Workplace Bullying. Answer: Rational and Background In the last decade, several researches have been conducted which shows that bullying is a widespread problem. There are a number of institutions which are focusing on raising awareness and protecting people from the threat. The implication of bullying is negative and can harm victims health and work performance. So, it is essential to identify such threats within the workplace (Kowalski, Giumetti, Schroeder and Lattanner, 2014). In general, bullying comprises of the behavior targeted at a particular person to humiliate and stigmatize socially. It is also aimed at sabotaging the victims reputation by attacking his character and professional competence. There are many types of research conducted which shows that workplace bullying has become a common problem and there are many individuals who face humiliation because of it. The results of bullying are negative and also reduce confidence among professionals. It can increase the level of anxiety and other psychological problems for people. The performance of medical institutions is also affected by workplace bullying. Due to the bullying, there occurs shortage of medical staffs which increases the work burden on the health care provider (Atik, 2011). At the medical center, there are a number of attacks related to harassment and bullying. These attacks are harmful and are also based on the act of violence which cannot be ignored. In many countries like Sweden and Norway, no adequate legislations are developed regarding to bullying. In Britain, bullying is termed as zero tolerance. It refers the right of a person to lead his life in a dignified manner and there should be zero tolerance towards any act of torture or harassment. In some countries, there are many types of laws made to address the social issue of bullying; however, they are incompetent to address the situation. In the literature, no study has been conducted to examine the impact of bullying on doctors and nurses. The present research is conducted to gather information related to the act of bullying in medical institutions. The exploration describes the incidence of workplace bullying and ways in which different situations leads to such problems (Polanin, Espelage and Pigott, 2012). Aims and objectives The aim of the research is to examine the repetitive psychological oppression which occurs due to the workplace bullying (McGaghie, Issenberg, Petrusa and Scalese, 2010). The victim faces a lot of the work performance related harassments which results in high stress and depression of the victim. The cross-sectional and descriptive study examines workplace bullying behavior experienced by physicians and nurses. The aim of the research is to describe the incidence of workplace bullying in medical centers. The authors have divided the aim in several objectives for the clear investigation and analysis of the issue. The research paper has determined the role of the demographics in workplace bullying. It also defined the relationship between the workplace bullying and the emotional exhaustion of the physicians. The article also highlights the link between the workplace bullying and the safety of the patients. Discussion of Research Method The research method refers to techniques which are used by the researcher to collect valuable evidence to conduct research. These methods increase validity and reliability of data. In order to conduct research on the bullying, different types of research methods used. In the research, the first method related to the data collection is the cross-sectional method (Duncan and Keller, 2011). In the medical research, cross-sectional method is the type of the observational study that collects data through different means from a specific population. In the medical study, this method is appropriate because it provides in-detail information about the population. Such type of method is used by researcher to assess the prevalence of chronic conditions or to identify actual problems of diseases. In the present report, the cross-sectional method has been used by research to collect the data. In the present research, primary data is used for collecting information regarding bullying (Richardson, F rueh and Acierno, 2010). The research develops a survey to ask question at two different medical centers. The data is collected by conducting a survey which was conducted in the medical center. In the survey, twenty-two questions were asked related to workplace bullying. With the help of this research method, scholars can identify root causes of bullying at workplace and ways to prevent it. The researchers have taken a population sample which can represents the entire population. For the data sampling, convenience sample method had been selected. This is non-probability sampling method. In scientific research, this approach is used to collect the data from the participants who are conveniently available to take part in the research process (Holden, 2011). This is associated with primary data collection approach. With the help of such type of method, validity and reliability of research can be determined. This method is used by researchers so they can analyze data in an accurate manner and also it is one of the most inexpensive methods. It refers to conducting analysis of collected data and establishing its correlation with previous research. For conducting data analysis, SPSS statistical software had been used. In the present research, this method is used to analyze data is a more accurate manner (Tokunaga, 2010). For analysis of data, many other statistical tools and m ethod are present through which accuracy can be maintained. In the analysis part, regression method is also applied. Critical Discussion on Bullying In the present research, the definition of bullying is stated as a situation wherein a person or a group of people are threatened by other person or a group of persons. Such act can bring different types of consequences and individually find it difficult to defend himself from such situations (Hutchinson, Wilkes, Jackson and Vickers, 2010). The bullying is negative action which can be harmful to anyone in the workplace. The consequences of bullying are that it decrease work performance and efficiency of the employees. In the medical center, such cases are generally faced by the nurses and new physicians in hospitals. As per the given definition, bullying is the situations in which one person constantly faces negative action from other persons. It also encompasses the incidents where one person has also faced humiliation from other people. Such type of humiliation is so drastic that it can also break someone confidence. However, in some institutions bullying is not considered as negative action (Bartlett and Bartlett, 2011). The negative actions can lead to a downfall in confidence. In some situations, bullying is not always negative action; however, it also helps the individuals in making interactions at the workplace. A healthy talk can increase interaction between the individuals in the medical center and also assist them in understanding the work environment. The negative situation can be addressed through awareness as it is not permanent in nature. So, it is important to clearly state about emotional, mental or other types of physical actions which can harm other individual. In the survey, most of the participants have failed to identify bullying because they do not understand the negative actions. In the definition, it is also stated that bullying is a situation in which one can feel helpless to defend him or herself (Branch, Ramsay and Barker, 2013). However, if someone is defending himself from any type of negative situation then that situation is not termed as bullying. In some case of bullying, victims easily defend themselves. So by definition, it should also include all such activities whether physical or mental in which an individual gets hurt. In most of the medical workplaces, such activities are carried by an individual in form of humiliation. So, the organization must be aware of s uch type of practices at the workplace and make provisions to prevent such activities. Bullying does not refer to one-time actions or actions without any malicious intent. It means any type of action is taken only one time at the workplace so it is not considered as bullying. It cannot be consdered as a measured of bullying. At workplace, many times individual faces a lot of humiliation and threats which their confidence breaks at one time. So, bullying should be based on all type of the action such as physical, mental or emotional which lead harm to an individual (Hoel, Glas, Hetland, Cooper and Einarsen, 2010). In some research it is highlighted one-time bullying is also harmful to individuals at the workplace. This could be reason why most of the candidate do not identify bullying at workplace (Chipps, Stelmaschuk, Albert, Bernhard and Holloman, 2013). Critical Discussion of the Sampling Process For collecting the data, a total sample size of 167 employees from both hospitals is taken. For conducting the survey, written permission is also taken from the medical center. The questions were developed in the presence of medical employees so all the required information can be collected (Simons, Stark and DeMarco, 2011). All participates are well aware of this process and also research provides them with the definition of bullying. Form the hospital A, there were 73 employees who took part and from hospital B 94 employees participated in the survey. The limitation of collecting data was that only a few employees took participation in the survey. Only 29% employees responded towards the bullying act and other employees were ignored from the survey (Chipps, Stelmaschuk, Albert, Bernhard and Holloman, 2013). Critical Discussion of Data Collection For collecting the data the cross-sectional survey was selected. The researcher conducted research in two different medical centers. The collection of data is based on primary research. There was a questionnaire develop which consist 22 negative act questions. The frequency of experiencing these negative acts was rated as never, occasionally, monthly, weekly, or daily. Since, this research is also adding some more questions regarding to the definition of the previous bullying at workplace. The scores are ranging from .81 to.92 the survey questions is also considered the demographic distribution such as gender, age, and ethnicity (Simons, Stark and DeMarco, 2011). The 23 additional questions are consisting of eight items based on demographic information which are filled by using checkbook format. Other eights questions are related to the experience of bullying at the workplace and last seven questions are assessed in the impact of bullying on patients safety. In addition, most of the questions which were developed by researcher were based on bullying in which no accurate definition of negative actions was given. The disadvantage of using such type of the method is that it does not provide the cause and effect relationship. The data which are collected by researcher does not show how demographic variables create an impact on the bullying and impact on nurses. In the entire data collection process, no such expenses occurred in the process. Critical discussion on data analysis For making the analysis, SPSS software had been used. In addition, descriptive statistics for each demographics measure separately. In the continuous variables, researcher use mean and standard deviation. In the analysis of data, researcher also used the logistics regression which varies from 0 to 1 (Chipps, Stelmaschuk, Albert, Bernhard and Holloman, 2013). There were total 582 Resident Nurses invited in which 167 participated in surveys. In the hospital A, 40 potential participants were there whereas B had a response rate of 23.5%. In the study sample, 44.7% of participants were RNs, 53.4% were surgical technologists, and 1.9% was other unlicensed. In the sample, the white people were 73.6, black 20.1% and 6.3% people are other. In the end results, it is identified that 59% of total participants witnessed the act of bullying. Regarding the frequency of bullying, periods such as monthly, weekly, yearly and other cases, the answer of most of the candidates was that they are bullied on the monthly period. In the negative act questions, 27.9% participates ignored and chose not to answer. This is an emphasis that for the workplace it is essential to promote safety and develop cultural communication between the team members so they can speak about their own opinion. The paper also suggested that younger staff have zero tolerance of bullying so in the hospitals most of such cases were faced by the senior staff on monthly basis. Before this study, there was no research conducted regarding bullying in health care. On the basis of ethnicity, white staff has to face the highest level of bullying at the workplace (Hoel, Glas, Hetland, Cooper and Einarsen, 2010). Among physicians, black and Asian physicians had to face t he acts of bullying. The sample size for making an analysis of bullying in ethnicity was small. Therefore, it can be critiqued that for making an analysis of data the sample size was too small. There were only two hospitals which were taken and few employees took participation in the survey. For making analysis of data, no specific time had taken. All the analysis was based on the survey and there were also lack of proper literature. Strengths and Weakness of Research Methods There are different types of research method and approach selected for conducting the present research. In data collection, all participants were well-informed before the survey. The questionnaire which was developed by the researcher is also developed by the medical employees so the researcher can get in detail information regarding the bullying. For the data collection, the sample size was too small and only those employees were taken who faced bullying. Collecting data from such method can create problem for researcher because it did not provide detailed information regarding behavior of bullying at workplace (McGaghie, Issenberg, Petrusa and Scalese, 2010). The OR is a highly stressful environment in which team members work in very close proximity. The main disadvantage of present research method is that participant personnel do not self-identify as being bullied but witnessed others being bullied in the workplace. In the collection of data, there are some other factors such as c ulture, senior, leadership and impact on management training which should also be considered and such ways are identified the ways which can create impact on bullying. In the analysis section, the researcher used the SPSS software. However, most of the candidates who participated in the survey were not sure about their own opinion. The convenient sample helps the research to collect data without any problems. However, this method does not provide bias results. This method does not have the power to identify the difference of population subgroups. In addition, there were only 22 questions asked from employees and several of them were not related to bullying (Duncan and Keller, 2011). Some of them are general and other belongs to the demographic variables of bullying. So, the validity and reliability of the above research method are also limited. At the last, it can be considered that the best method to address the issue of bullying is to provide training in medical center. The hospitals need to allocate resources carefully to team training programs. The managers and staff members must be accountable for setting expectations and provide training towards the elimination of bullying at workplace. The top management need to provide a clear message to all employees and staff members towards bullying and risks which are associated with such act. References Atik, G. (2011). Assessment of school bullying in Turkey: a critical review of self-report instruments. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 3232-3238. Bartlett, J. E., Bartlett, M. E. (2011). Workplace bullying: An integrative literature review. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 13(1), 69-84. Branch, S., Ramsay, S., Barker, M. (2013). Workplace bullying, mobbing and general harassment: A review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(3), 280-299. Chipps, E., Stelmaschuk, S., Albert, N. M., Bernhard, L., Holloman, C. (2013). Workplace bullying in the OR: Results of a descriptive study. AORN journal, 98(5), 479-493 Hoel, H., Glas, L., Hetland, J., Cooper, C. L., Einarsen, S. (2010). Leadership styles as predictors of self?reported and observed workplace bullying. British Journal of Management, 21(2), 453-468. Hutchinson, M., Wilkes, L., Jackson, D., Vickers, M. H. (2010). Integrating individual, work group and organizational factors: Testing a multidimensional model of bullying in the nursing workplace. Journal of Nursing management, 18(2), 173-181. Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G. W., Schroeder, A. N., Lattanner, M. R. (2014). Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. McGaghie, W. C., Issenberg, S. B., Petrusa, E. R., Scalese, R. J. (2010). A critical review of simulation?based medical education research: 20032009. Medical education, 44(1), 50-63. Polanin, J. R., Espelage, D. L., Pigott, T. D. (2012). A meta-analysis of school-based bullying prevention programs' effects on bystander intervention behavior. School Psychology Review, 41(1), 47. Samnani, A. K. (2013). Embracing new directions in workplace bullying research: A paradigmatic approach. Journal of Management Inquiry, 22(1), 26-36. Simons, S. R., Stark, R. B., DeMarco, R. F. (2011). A new, four?item instrument to measure workplace bullying. Research in nursing health, 34(2), 132-140. Thornberg, R. (2011). Shes weird!The social construction of bullying in school: A review of qualitative research. Children society, 25(4), 258-267.